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Encompass, the Enterprise Computing Association, is a user group comprised of information technology professionals that are interested in the Enterprise-oriented products, services, and technologies of Compaq and of the former DIGITAL. Encompass offers newsletters, the Encompass website, and offers various gatherings and related services, including symposia events and local users group meetings.
Encompass is a descendent of the organization known as DECUS, the Digital Equipment Computer Users Society.
For more information on Encompass, please visit the Encompass web site:
The organization comprised of customers of Hewlett-Packard Company (HP) that is probably most analogous to the Encompass organization is Interex:
Like Encompass, Interex offers various services and events of interest
to folks that presently work with and/or that wish to learn about HP
products and offerings. Please see the Interex website for details.
1.5 OpenVMS Support, Questions and Comments?
The following section includes contacts for OpenVMS Feedback, and
information on how to obtain technical support information.
1.5.1 Corporate contacts for OpenVMS Business Issues?
The following folks are the HP corporate contacts for OpenVMS business issues, listed in descending order from Carleton (Carly) Fiorina to the Vice President of the OpenVMS Engineering organization:
These folks will quite obviously respond best to cogently-worded
OpenVMS corporate-level business issues. These folks are not
appropriate contacts for technical support issues nor for technical
support requests, nor for any other non-corporate-related,
non-business-related issues.
1.5.2 OpenVMS Ambassadors?
The OpenVMS Ambassadors are senior HP engineers with advanced technical knowledge and advanced training in OpenVMS, with detailed knowledge of current and future OpenVMS releases and product plans, and with contacts directly with the HP and ISV hardware and software engineering organizations developing OpenVMS and OpenVMS hardware platforms, as well as layered products and tools. Further, Ambassadors are experienced with integrating HP OpenVMS and application-specific products and ISV applications to solve specific business requirements.
OpenVMS Ambassadors are based throughout the world.
Your HP sales representative or HP reseller will be able connect you
with your local OpenVMS Ambassador.
1.5.3 Contact for OpenVMS Marketing Issues and Questions?
Please see Section 3.5.
1.5.4 Contact URLs for OpenVMS Technical Issues?
For technical issues and technical support, please contact your software support organization, or your local HP Customer Support Center or HP Reseller. In North America, you can call 1-800-HP-INVENT.
Please remember to review and to bookmark the following support URLs:
OpenVMS, originally called VMS (Virtual Memory System), was first conceived in 1976 as a new operating system for the then-new, 32-bit, virtual memory line of computers, eventually named VAX (Virtual Address eXtension).
The first VAX model, the 11/780, was code-named "Star", hence the code name for the VMS operating system, "Starlet", a name that remains to this day the name for the system library files (STARLET.OLB, etc.).
VMS version X0.5 was the first released to customers, in support of the hardware beta test of the VAX-11/780, in 1977. VAX/VMS Version V1.0 shipped in 1978, along with the first revenue-ship 11/780s.
OpenVMS was designed entirely within HP and specifically within the former Digital Equipment Corporation (DIGITAL). Two of the principal designers were Dave Cutler and Dick Hustvedt, though with a wide variety of other contributors. OpenVMS was conceived as a 32-bit, virtual memory successor to the RSX-11M operating system for the PDP-11. Many of the original designers and programmers of OpenVMS had worked previously on RSX-11M, and many concepts from RSX-11M were carried over to OpenVMS.
OpenVMS VAX is a 32-bit, multitasking, multiprocessing virtual memory operating system. Current implementations run on VAX systems from HP and other vendors.
OpenVMS Alpha is a 64-bit multitasking, multiprocessing virtual memory operating system. Current implementations run on Alpha systems from HP, and other vendors.
OpenVMS has also been ported to the Intel IA-64 architecture, and specifically to HP Integrity systems using microprocessors from the Intel Itanium Processor Family. This implementation of OpenVMS is officially known as "HP OpenVMS for Integrity Servers" and more commonly as "OpenVMS I64", and it operates in the native Itanium IA-64 architecture and 64-bit environment. OpenVMS I64 provides support for applications requiring 32- or 64-bit virtual addressing capabilities entirely within the native 64-bit Itanium execution environment. (For details on this and related terminology, please see Section 14.4.5.)
For more details on OpenVMS and its features, please read the OpenVMS Software Product Description at:
Additional information on the general features of various OpenVMS releases, release dates, as well as the development project code names of specific releases, is available at:
Additional historical information---as well as pictures and a variety of other trivia---is available in the VAX 20th anniversary book:
For information on the FreeVMS project, and on hobbyist and educational versions of OpenVMS, please see:
Also please see the related software licensing topics Section 2.8.4,
Section 2.8.1, and Section 2.15.
2.2 What is the difference between VMS and OpenVMS?
VMS and OpenVMS are two names for the same operating system. Originally, the operating system was called VAX-11/VMS; it changed to VAX/VMS at around VAX/VMS V2.0. When the VMS operating system was ported to the Alpha platform, it was renamed OpenVMS, for both VAX and Alpha (and for the Itanium Processor Family), in part to signify the high degree of support for industry standards such as POSIX, which provides many features of UNIX systems.
For those versions with POSIX, an OpenVMS license allows you to install and run POSIX for OpenVMS at no additional charge; all you need is the media and documentation which can be found on the Consolidated Distribution and On-Line Documentation CD-ROMs. Support for the POSIX package on more recent OpenVMS releases is not available, various parts of POSIX such as calls from the API are being integrated more directly into OpenVMS. For more information on POSIX for VMS see question SOFT2
What became confusing is that the OpenVMS name was introduced first for
OpenVMS AXP V1.0 causing the widespread misimpression that OpenVMS was
for Alpha AXP only, while "regular VMS" was for VAX. In fact,
the official name of the VAX operating system was changed as of V5.5,
though the name did not start to be actually used in the product until
V6.0.
2.3 What's in a Name? Terminology and Products?
The proper names for OpenVMS on the various platforms are "OpenVMS VAX", "OpenVMS Alpha", and "OpenVMS I64". Use of "OpenVMS AXP" and of "VAX/VMS" are deprecated.
The VAX and Alpha terms are largely interchangeably used as the names of platforms, of processor or microprocessor implementations, and of the respective computing architectures.
Somewhat confusing to long-time OpenVMS users, Intel IA-32, IA-64, and EM64T, and AMD AMD64 are the names of various computing architectures and of architectural extensions. Only. These are not the names of any implementations, nor of any platforms.
Intel Itanium is the name of a family of microprocessor implementations of the Intel IA-64 architecture, as Intel Pentium and Xeon are the names of families of microprocessor implementations of Intel IA-32 and (potentially) of the EM64T extensions.
I64
is the generic name for the various HP Integrity
platforms supported by HP OpenVMS for Integrity Servers (and more
commonly as "OpenVMS I64"); for the platforms supported by
OpenVMS I64. (For additional related terminology, please see
Section 14.4.5.)
2.3.1 How do I port from VMS to OpenVMS?
You already did. Wasn't that easy? Please see Section 2.2 for details.
2.4 Which is better, OpenVMS or UNIX?
This question comes up periodically, usually asked by new subscribers amd new posters who are long-time UNIX or Linux users. Sometimes, the question is ignored totally; other times, it leads to a long series of repetitive messages that convince no one and usually carry little if any new information. Please do everyone a favor and avoid re-starting this perpetual, fruitless debate.
That said, OpenVMS and the better implementations of UNIX are all fine
operating systems, each with its strengths and weaknesses. If you're in
a position where you need to choose, select the one that best fits your
own requirements, considering, for example, whether or not the layered
products or specific OS features you want are available, and
considering the expected cost-of-ownership over the lifetime of the
system installation.
2.5 Is HP continuing funding and support for OpenVMS?
Yes.
Active development of new OpenVMS releases is underway, as well as the continuation of support.
Please see the following URLs for details, roadmaps, and related information:
Various distributions are available.
For the most current information on the available part numbers and current products (OpenVMS distribution kits, media, documentation, etc) and the most current associated licensing information, please see the current OpenVMS Software Product Description (SPD) document, available at:
The CD-ROMs listed in Table 2-1 contain just the OpenVMS Alpha operating system. The operating system distribution kits are bootable, and can be used to run BACKUP from the optical media, as well as performing an installation or upgrade.
| Part | Description |
|---|---|
| QA-MT1AG-H8 | OpenVMS Alpha V6.2-1H3 hardware release CD-ROM; also requires QA-MT1AA-H8.6.2 |
| QA-MT1AR-H8 | OpenVMS Alpha V7.1-2 maintenance release CD-ROM |
| QA-MT1AT-H8 | OpenVMS Alpha V7.2-1 maintenance release CD-ROM |
| QA-MT1AU-H8 | OpenVMS Alpha V7.2-2 maintenance release CD-ROM |
| QA-MT3AA-H8 | OpenVMS Alpha and VAX products and documentation on CD-ROM |
| QA-MT3AE-H8 | OpenVMS Alpha and VAX documentation on CD-ROM |
OpenVMS I64 is distributed on DVD-ROM media, and is bootable. OpenVMS I64 licensing is implemented on a per-processor-socket basis, with the classic license tiers based on the numbers of processor sockets that can be present. Further, three general product and licensing groupings are optionally available with OpenVMS I64, the Foundation Operating Environment (FOE), the Enterprise Operating Environment (EOE), and (as/when/if available) the Mission Critical Operating Environment (MCOE). Seperate per-product licenses are generally also available for various of the products within the Operating Environment groups.
| Part | Description |
|---|---|
| BA322AA#??? | OpenVMS I64 FOE Product |
| BA323AA#??? | OpenVMS I64 EOE Product |
| BA324AA#??? | OpenVMS I64 MCOE Product |
The product suffix required for the order numbers listed in Table 2-2 can be found in Table 2-3.
| Suffix | Description |
|---|---|
| A18 | OpenVMS I64 FOE V8.2 DVD media |
| AJR | OE media kit on DVD media |
| 0D1 | Factory installation |
The OpenVMS VAX and OpenVMS Alpha source listings CD-ROM sets listed in Table 2-4 include the source listings of most of OpenVMS, and these CD-ROM sets are invaluable for any folks working directly with OpenVMS internals, as well as folks interested in seeing examples of various programming interfaces.
| Part | Description |
|---|---|
| QB-MT1AB-E8 | OpenVMS Alpha Source Listings kit and license |
| QT-MT1AB-Q8 | OpenVMS Alpha Source Listings Updates |
| QB-001AB-E8 | OpenVMS VAX Source Listings kit and license |
| QT-001AB-Q8 | OpenVMS VAX Source Listings Updates |
| BA422AA | OpenVMS I64 source listings kit and license |
Additional OpenVMS packages and technologies including NetBeans, XML,
SOAP, UDDI, JDK, Perl, Tomcat, SSL
and such are discussed within the OpenVMS e-Business Infrastructure
Package SPD 80.58.xx.
Again, please see the OpenVMS SPD and the documents and parts
referenced there for the most current information.
2.6.1 Where can I download OpenVMS and Layered Product Kits?
HP customers with commercial licenses and support contracts can download software product distribution kits from the following HP website:
You can also find pointers to the Software Rollout Report and to the OpenVMS SPD listings via the above SQP website.
Information on obtaining and transfering licenses is available in
Section 2.6 and Section 2.8.4, while information on the OpenVMS
Hobbyist licensing program and on obtaining hobbyist product
distribution kits is in Section 2.8.1.
2.7 In what language is OpenVMS written?
OpenVMS is written in a wide variety of languages.
In no particular order, OpenVMS components are implemented using Bliss, Macro, Ada, PLI, VAX and DEC C, Fortran, UIL, VAX and Alpha SDL, Pascal, MDL, DEC C++, DCL, Message, and Document. And this is certainly not a complete list. However, the rumor is NOT true that an attempt was made to write pieces of OpenVMS in every supported language so that the Run-Time Libraries could not be unbundled. (APL, BASIC, COBOL and RPG are just some of the languages NOT represented!)
There are a large variety of small and not-so-small tools and DCL
command procedures that are used as part of the OpenVMS build, and a
source code control system capable of maintaining over a hundred
thousand source files across multiple parallel development projects,
and overlapping releases.
2.8 Obtaining and Transfering OpenVMS licenses?
The following sections describe hobbyist and educational license programs, as well as information on commercial licenses and transfers.
For information on the available commercial OpenVMS licenses and for
information on license transfers, please see Section 2.8.4. OpenVMS
Hobbyist licenses are discussed in Section 2.8.1. For information on the
licensing implementation, troubleshooting licensing problems, on the
License Unit Requirements Table (LURT), and other related details,
please see Section 5.39. For configuring and troubleshooting LMF, see
Section 12.5.
2.8.1 Questions asked by Hobbyist OpenVMS licensees?
If you are a member of an HP-recognized user group (eg: Encompass, Enterex, DECUS), and are considering acquiring and using a VAX, Alpha or (soon) IA-64 system for hobbyist (non-commercial) use, (free) license product authorization keys (PAKs) for OpenVMS VAX, OpenVMS Alpha, (soon) OpenVMS I64, and layered products are available.
In addition to the license keys, OpenVMS VAX and Alpha distribution CD-ROM distribution kits are available with OpenVMS, DECwindows Motif, DECnet and TCP/IP networking, compilers, and a variety of layered products. (A hobbyist distribution for OpenVMS I64 is expected.) (While the hobbyist CD-ROM distributions are intended for and tailored for OpenVMS Hobbyists, the contents and capabilities of the Hobbyist installation kits included within the OpenVMS Hobbyist distribution do not differ from the standard distribution installation kits. The products are chosen to reflect the most popular products and the space available on the media.)
If you have questions on what else is authorized by the license agreement and on what other distribution media is available to you, well, please read the applicable software license agreement(s).
For further information, please link to:
On the OpenVMS Hobbyist license registration form at the above website (as of August 2004), you are offered the choice of the "OpenVMS VAX" license(s), the "OpenVMS Alpha" license(s), and the "Layered Products" licenses. You will want the operating system license for your particular OpenVMS platform and you will want the "Layered Products" licenses. You will want to select and to acquire two sets of license PAKs.
For vendors wishing to license products specifically for hobbyist use (and to not issue hobbyist PAKs), the program provides hobbyists with the license PAK OPENVMS-HOBBYIST.
If you plan to use a hardware emulator (eg: VAX emulator) on a
Microsoft Windows platform, make sure you have an OpenVMS distribution
kit that can be installed and/or booted with the particular emulator
package you plan to use. For additional information on emulators,
please see Section 13.14 and particularly please see the
emulator-related documentation.
2.8.2 OpenVMS Educational and CSLG licenses?
For information on OpenVMS licenses for educational customers, please see the HP Campus Software License Grant (CSLG) license program and the OpenVMS Educational license program:
Commercial software developers can join the HP DSPP program, and can (potentially) receive discounts on various software product licenses and software distributions, as well as on hardware purchases.
The DSPP program is the descendent of the DIGITAL ISVN and DIGITAL ASAP programs and the Compaq CSA program, and the analogous developer and partner programs at HP.
Please see Section 2.15 for additional details on the DSPP program.
For information on the OpenbVMS Hobbyist and OpenVMS Educational
license programs, please see Section 2.8.1.
2.8.4 How do I obtain or transfer an OpenVMS license?
To transfer a commercial OpenVMS license from one owner to another, or to purchase a commercial license, you can contact HP at regional sales office or reseller.
For information on the hobbyist license program, please see Section 2.8.1.
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