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The COPY/RECORDABLE_MEDIA (CDDVD) Utility allows users to create Compact Disk (CD) and Digital Versatile Disk (DVD) media directly on OpenVMS, using an optional optical disk recorder.
CDDVD generates ISO/IEC 10149 Mode 1 (2048-byte blocks, data) single-session optical media recordings.
CDDVD supports the recording of various optical media formats,
including CD Recordable (CD-R), CD Rewritable (CD-RW), DVD Recordable
(DVD+R) and DVD Rewritable (DVD+RW) formats. For a successful recording
operation, one or more of these formats must be available within the
target optical disk recording device. Compatible recording media must
also be loaded into the recording device.
9.1.1 Media Limitations
As part of the recording operation, you must create a master for the recording operation, or otherwise provide all the data required for the entire target disk. This master must fit onto the target media, and the input must also fit evenly into the target disk sector. The input disk image or the input master device must both fit onto the target recording media, and the recording operation cannot partially fill the last sector of the target media.
Unlike a traditional read-write random-access storage device, you must completely populate the recording media in a single continuous recording operation. You cannot incrementally update the optical media through a series of individual copy operations, nor can you interrupt a recording operation once it has begun. You cannot modify nor partially erase the contents of the recorded optical media, and you cannot access the media for write access using DCL commands such as INITIALIZE/ERASE nor through operations that include opening a file on the media for read-write access.
With rewritable media, you can reformat and repopulate the media.
9.1.2 Mastering
A recording master is usually created by using the OpenVMS Logical Disk (LD) utility and an associated LD pseudo-disk device. The structures and files to be included on the optical media eventually are staged within the LD device using DCL tools and commands such as INITIALIZE/ERASE, CREATE/DIRECTORY, and COPY.
Opens the specified input disk image file or input master device and records the entire contents to the specified CD-R, CD-RW, DVD+R, and DVD+RW media formats.
COPY/RECORDABLE_MEDIA source-path-name target-path-name
source-path-name
This is the data source for the recording operation.Specify the name of a disk file containing a disk image to be copied onto the target recording media, or the device name of the input device containing the disk volume master for the recording.
On OpenVMS systems, this is usually a Logical Disk (LD) Utility LDAu: device.
target-device-name
The device name of the target recordable media device.This is usually the name of an ATAPI (DQcu:) SCSI (DKcu:), or USB (DNcu:): CD-R/RW or DVD+R/RW recording device, or both.
The COPY/RECORDABLE_MEDIA command records the entire contents of the specified input disk image file or input device onto the media loaded into the specified output CD or DVD recording device.The output media format is sensed automatically, and the utility automatically configures the recording appropriately for the particular target device and for the output media that are loaded.
You cannot record more than the capacity of the target media permits. Therefore, you need to select the size of the input disk image or the master appropriate for the capacity of the target media. The input data source must also be an even multiple of the sector size on optical media; the size of the input must be a multiple of four blocks.
The recording operation is independent of the input volume structure or input file data used for the master, and is based solely on the block-level contents of the specified input master.
/BELL
Sounds an audible signal when the requested recording operation completes successfully./FORMAT[=keyword]
/NOFORMAT (default)
Requests that rewritable (RW) media be formatted or reformatted prior to use. This qualifier is required for writing to blank rewritable media or rewriting rewritable media.If the target media cannot be formatted, this command qualifier is ignored.
If not specified, the appropriate keyword is automatically selected for the fastest formatting speed available for the target recording media.
Table 9-1 lists available keywords.
Table 9-1 Keywords for the /FORMAT Qualifier Keyword Function, Comments WAIT Applies to DVD+RW. The default for the /FORMAT qualifier is not to wait for the formatting to complete because waiting is usually unnecessary and far slower. Selecting WAIT causes the entire format to run synchronously to completion before beginning the recording operation.
The default is to:
- Operate asynchronously
- Perform background formatting
- Run both the media format operation and the recording operations concurrently
ERASE Applies to CD-RW. The default for the /FORMAT qualifier is to perform a quick erasure because a full erasure is usually both unnecessary and far slower.
Selecting ERASE causes the CD-RW rewritable disk to be entirely erased as part of the format operation. This erasure is performed and is completed before the recording operation begins.
The default is to perform a quick erasure.
/LOG (default)
/NOLOG
Shows basic device information and the progress of the recording operation. Use /NOLOG to disable the normal output from the utility./SPEED
If you must use the lower-speed or poor-quality CD recording media, the /SPEED qualifier is often required for successful completion of the recording process. You might need to select a recording speed below the rated speed of the CD drive itself. Specifically, you might need to select a recording speed that is compatible with both the CD drive and the CD recording media loaded in the drive.The /SPEED qualifier accepts a single keyword for a requested device speed:
1X
2X
4X
8X
16X
32X
MAXIMUMThe CDDVD utility attempts to match the requested speed to a speed that the device supports. (Not all devices support all speeds, including the lowest speed, 1X, or the highest speed available.) The default speed is the maximum speed that the target device supports. DVD+R/RW drives select the maximum recording speed based on information encoded on the media.
You need to specify this qualifier only under one of the following circumstances:
- When incompatibilities or recording errors are reported during a previous failed recording operation.
- If the CD media in use has a rated recording speed below the drive default recording settings.
- If CDDVD application, processor, or system I/O performance constraints exist.
CD drives can select speeds faster than those supported by the particular media loaded in the drive. HP recommends that you select only media that match the recording capabilities of the drive. In other words, do not attempt to exceed the recording speed limits of the particular CD media. Selecting faster media will not make a slow drive record any faster, and selecting faster speeds with slow media can trigger recording errors and corrupt media.
If the recording process fails during the recording operation, discard the write-once media and try a slower recording speed. (Note that you can attempt to reformat and rerecord on rewritable media.)
/VERIFY
Specifies that the contents of the output media be compared to the contents of the input source after the recording operation. Any data comparison errors detected are displayed./WRITE (default)
/NOWRITE
Allows you to test the system and device I/O throughput and the command syntax without recording on the target media.If you specify /NOWRITE and if the target drive supports the underlying test-write hardware capability, all I/O operates as usual although /NOWRITE disables writing to the media.
/WRITE is the default, and causes the target optical media to be written.
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$ $ COPY/RECORDABLE_MEDIA -
$_ [/BELL] -
$_ [/DATA_CHECK=WRITE] -
$_ [/DIAGNOSTICS=(DETAILS,COMMANDS,ALL)] -
$_ [/EXTENSIONS[=(keywords)]] -
$_ [/[NO]LOG] -
$_ [/SPEED={1X|2X|4X|8X|16X|32X|MAXIMUM}] -
$_ source-path-name target-device-name
$
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This example shows the generic format of the COPY/RECORDABLE_MEDIA command.
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$ COPY/RECORDABLE_MEDIA/FORMAT LDA1 DQA1
HP OpenVMS CD-R/RW and DVD+R/RW Utility V1.0-0
Copyright 1976, 2006 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.
Output device vendor: HP
Output device product name: DVD Writer 740b
Commencing media format operation
Formatting may require up to an hour
Output medium format: DVD+RW
Input data being read from: LDA1:
Output data being written to: DQA1:
Input data size: 1200000 blocks
Starting operation at: 15:28:16
16 sectors written
30000 sectors written; estimated completion in 00:06:52; at 15:35:55
37000 sectors written; estimated completion in 00:06:54; at 15:36:07
46000 sectors written; estimated completion in 00:06:36; at 15:36:03
57000 sectors written; estimated completion in 00:06:08; at 15:35:51
71000 sectors written; estimated completion in 00:06:00; at 15:36:04
88000 sectors written; estimated completion in 00:05:26; at 15:35:56
110000 sectors written; estimated completion in 00:04:55; at 15:35:58
137000 sectors written; estimated completion in 00:04:12; at 15:35:56
171000 sectors written; estimated completion in 00:03:14; at 15:35:48
213000 sectors written; estimated completion in 00:02:10; at 15:35:48
266000 sectors written; estimated completion in 00:00:54; at 15:35:50
300000 sectors written; operation completed
Operation completed at: 15:35:47
Elapsed time for operation: 00:07:30
Synchronizing with output device cache
Processing completed
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This example demonstrates recording the contents of LDA1: device onto the DVD+RW media loaded into device DQA1:.
10.1 EFI Utilities Description
The following OpenVMS EFI (Extensible Firmware Interface) utilities
provide device management functions at the EFI console on I64 systems:
A full description of each EFI utility follows.
VMS_BCFG
Adds an entry to the EFI Boot Manager using a specified OpenVMS device name.VMS_BCFG is an extension of the EFI bcfg to support OpenVMS device names and additional features required for FC boot devices. In addition to using the OpenVMS device name as a parameter, this utility allows users to set the optional VMS boot flags to the boot options entry using a familiar OpenVMS syntax.
For multipath devices, this utility can add all active paths to the specified OpenVMS device automatically. It also appends the WWID on the description so users will know which FC path is selected.
This utility is compatible with all disk devices and network devices.
VMS_BCFG driver|boot [dump][add # device-name -fl x,y "desc"][rm #] [mv # #] [-v]
driver
Selects a boot driver list.boot
Selects a boot option list from the options below.add|set
Adds an entry to the EFI Boot Manager.# (default=1)
Boot order position of the new boot option list. Defaults to 1 if not specified, which corresponds to the first entry on the EFI Boot Manager.device-name
The specified OpenVMS device name. For FC devices, specifying $1$ in the name is optional.-flags x,y (default=none)
The specified OpenVMS flags to be passed on the Boot Option. Unless specified, no flags are passed.desc
Unicode/ASCII description of the Boot Option. For multipath FC devices, it appends the WWID of the device on the description.dump|show
Displays the boot option list.rm|delete #
Removes an entry corresponding to the boot position number.mv|rename # #
Changes the boot position number specified from the first # to the second #.
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fs1:\efi\vms> vms_bcfg boot show
The boot option list is:
01. VenHw(D65A6B8C-71E5-4DF0-A909-F0D2992B5AA9) "EFI Shell [Built-in]" OPT
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This example shows the boot option list.
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fs1:\efi\vms> vms_bcfg boot add 2 $1$dga3730 -fl 1,0 "DGA3730 Root 1"
VMS: DGA3730 Fibre Device
EFI: fs1: Acpi(000222F0,200)/Pci(1|1)/Fibre(50001FE10011B15D),Lun(D)
vms_bcfg: Add boot option as 2
vms_bcfg: Add the next available VMS path? (Yes/No) [YES]
VMS: DGA3730 Fibre Device
EFI: fs9: Acpi(000222F0,300)/Pci(1|0)/Fibre(50001FE10011B15C),Lun(D)
vms_bcfg: Add boot option as 3
vms_bcfg: Add the next available VMS path? (Yes/No) [YES]
EFI Boot Manager ver 1.10 [14.61] Firmware ver 2.21 [4334]
Please select a boot option
EFI Shell [Built-in]
DGA3730 Root 1 Fibre(50001FE10011B15D)
DGA3730 Root 1 Fibre(50001FE10011B15C)
Boot Option Maintenance Menu
System Configuration Menu
Use ^ and v to change option(s). Use Enter to select an option.
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This example adds a multipath FC disk to the EFI Boot Manager's boot options list.
Sets the dump device and the debug device to the specified OpenVMS device name.
VMS_SET dump_dev|debug_dev [device-name]
dump_dev [device-name]
Sets the NVRAM variable DUMP_DEV to the specified OpenVMS dump device for the dump-off-system-disk (DOSD) function. For a multipath FC device, it adds other FC device paths automatically.debug_dev [device-name]
Sets the NVRAM variable DEBUG_DEV to the specified OpenVMS debug device for use by the System Code Debugger (SCD).
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fs1:\efi\vms> vms_set dump_dev dga3730
VMS: DGA3730 Fibre Device
EFI: fs1: Acpi(000222F0,200)/Pci(1|1)/Fibre(50001FE10011B15D), Lun(D)
VMS: DGA3730 Fibre Device
EFI: fs9: Acpi(000222F0,300)/Pci(1|0)/Fibre(50001FE10011B15C), Lun(D)
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This example sets the dump device to the specified OpenVMS device name.
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fs1:\efi\vms> vms_set debug_dev eia0
VMS: EIA0 0-30-6E-39-E7-55
EFI: Acpi(000222F0,0)/Pci(3|0)/Mac(00306E39E755)
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This example sets the debug device to the network device eia0 .
Displays the equivalent OpenVMS device name for devices mapped by the EFI console.
vms_show device|dump_dev|debug_dev [device-name] [-fs]
device
Displays all bootable devices mapped by the EFI console and their corresponding OpenVMS device names.The first output line shows the OpenVMS device name and additional information about the device. The additional information consists of vendor identification and product identification if the device is a disk; or a MAC address if the device is a network device.
The second output line shows the file system designation (fsx>:) and its corresponding EFI device path.
[device-name]
If specified, the utility matches the specified OpenVMS device name to the EFI console mapping. For multipath FC devices, it displays all paths associated with the given OpenVMS device name.dump_dev
Displays the selected OpenVMS dump device for the dump-off-system-disk (DOSD) function.debug_dev
Displays the selected OpenVMS debug device.-fs
Displays the OpenVMS device names of those devices that have only the system disk.
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fs1:\efi\vms> vms_show dev dkb0
VMS:DKB0 HP 18.2GST318406LC HP05
EFI: fs0: Acpi(000222F0,100)/Pci(1|1)/Scsi(Pun0,Lun0)
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This example shows the EFI device path for a specified OpenVMS device name.
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fs1:\efi\vms> vms_show dump
VMS: DGA3730 COMPAQ HSV110 (C)COMPAQ3014
EFI: fs1: Acpi(000222F0,200)/Pci(1|1)/Fibre(50001FE10011B15D),Lun(D)
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This example shows the settings for the OpenVMS DUMP_DEV device.
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